talk over conjecturally, or review in an idle or casual way and with an element of doubt or without sufficient reason to reach a conclusion(verb.communication)
source: wordnet30
reflect deeply on a subject(verb.cognition)
Example: Philosophers have speculated on the question of God for thousands of years.
To consider by turning a subject in the mind, and viewing it in its different aspects and relations; to meditate; to contemplate; to theorize; as, to speculate on questions in religion; to speculate on political events.(verb)
source: webster1913
To consider attentively; as, to speculate the nature of a thing.(verb)